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1-3月水質優良斷面比例為74.3%生態環(huan)(huan)境部今日(ri)向(xiang)媒體(ti)通報2019年3月(yue)(yue)和1-3月(yue)(yue)全(quan)國地表水環(huan)(huan)境質量(liang)狀況。 通報(bao)指出(chu),2019年(nian)1-3月,1940個(ge)國家考核斷(duan)(duan)面(mian)全部采(cai)用采(cai)測(ce)分(fen)離模式開展(zhan)監測(ce)。實(shi)際開展(zhan)監測(ce)的斷(duan)(duan)面(mian)共1861個(ge),其余(yu)79個(ge)斷(duan)(duan)面(mian)因斷(duan)(duan)流、交通阻(zu)斷(duan)(duan)、化冰期無法采(cai)樣等原因未開展(zhan)監測(ce)。 1-3月劣Ⅴ類斷(duan)面同比(bi)下降3.6個百分點 2019年3月,1940個國家地(di)表(biao)水評價斷面中(實測1788個),水質優良(Ⅰ-Ⅲ類)斷面比例(li)為(wei)74.3%,同(tong)比上升5.8個百分點;劣Ⅴ類斷面比例(li)為(wei)5.5%,同(tong)比下(xia)降3.1個百分點。主要污染指標(biao)為(wei)總磷、化學需氧量和氨(an)氮。 2019年1-3月,1940個(ge)國家(jia)地(di)表水評價(jia)斷面(mian)中(zhong),水質優(you)良(liang)(Ⅰ-Ⅲ類)斷面(mian)比例為(wei)74.3%,同比上升(sheng)8.0個(ge)百分(fen)點;劣Ⅴ類斷面(mian)比例為(wei)6.0%,同比下降3.6個(ge)百分(fen)點。主要(yao)污染(ran)指標為(wei)氨氮、總磷(lin)和化學需氧量。 1-3月(yue)松花江、黃河、淮河和(he)海河流域為輕度(du)污染,遼(liao)河流域為中度(du)污染 2019年(nian)3月,長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、黃(huang)河(he)(he)、珠(zhu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、松(song)花江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、淮河(he)(he)、海(hai)河(he)(he)、遼(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)等七大(da)流(liu)域(yu)及(ji)西北諸(zhu)河(he)(he)、西南諸(zhu)河(he)(he)和(he)浙閩(min)片河(he)(he)流(liu)Ⅰ-Ⅲ類水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)斷面比例為75.4%,同(tong)比上(shang)升3.4個百分點;劣Ⅴ類為5.8%,同(tong)比下降3.2個百分點。主要污(wu)染指標為氨氮、化(hua)學需(xu)氧量(liang)和(he)五日生化(hua)需(xu)氧量(liang)。其中(zhong),西南諸(zhu)河(he)(he)和(he)西北諸(zhu)河(he)(he)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)為優,長(chang)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)、浙閩(min)片河(he)(he)流(liu)和(he)珠(zhu)江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)域(yu)水(shui)(shui)質(zhi)良(liang)好,淮河(he)(he)、松(song)花江(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)、黃(huang)河(he)(he)、遼(liao)(liao)河(he)(he)和(he)海(hai)河(he)(he)流(liu)域(yu)為輕度污(wu)染。 1-3月,長(chang)江(jiang)、黃河(he)(he)(he)、珠江(jiang)、松花江(jiang)、淮(huai)河(he)(he)(he)、海河(he)(he)(he)、遼(liao)河(he)(he)(he)等七大流域(yu)(yu)(yu)及(ji)西(xi)北諸(zhu)河(he)(he)(he)、西(xi)南諸(zhu)河(he)(he)(he)和浙閩片河(he)(he)(he)流Ⅰ-Ⅲ類水質斷面比例為(wei)(wei)(wei)76.3%,同(tong)比上升6.6個百分點(dian);劣Ⅴ類為(wei)(wei)(wei)6.7%,同(tong)比下降3.3個百分點(dian)。主要污染(ran)指(zhi)標為(wei)(wei)(wei)氨氮、化(hua)學需氧量和五(wu)日生化(hua)需氧量。其中,西(xi)北、西(xi)南諸(zhu)河(he)(he)(he)和浙閩片河(he)(he)(he)流水質為(wei)(wei)(wei)優,長(chang)江(jiang)和珠江(jiang)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)水質良好,松花江(jiang)、黃河(he)(he)(he)、淮(huai)河(he)(he)(he)和海河(he)(he)(he)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)輕度污染(ran),遼(liao)河(he)(he)(he)流域(yu)(yu)(yu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)中度污染(ran)。 1-3月Ⅰ-Ⅲ類水質(zhi)湖庫個數占(zhan)比為72.4% 2019年3月,監測(ce)的97個(ge)(ge)重(zhong)點湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(庫(ku))中(zhong)(zhong),Ⅰ-Ⅲ類水(shui)質(zhi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)庫(ku)個(ge)(ge)數占(zhan)(zhan)比為(wei)(wei)78.4%,同(tong)比上升14.9個(ge)(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點;劣(lie)Ⅴ類水(shui)質(zhi)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)庫(ku)個(ge)(ge)數占(zhan)(zhan)比為(wei)(wei)4.1%,同(tong)比下降2.6個(ge)(ge)百(bai)分(fen)點。主(zhu)要污(wu)染(ran)指標為(wei)(wei)總(zong)磷(lin)、化學(xue)需氧量和(he)高錳酸鹽(yan)指數。監測(ce)富(fu)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)化狀(zhuang)(zhuang)況的95個(ge)(ge)重(zhong)點湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(庫(ku))中(zhong)(zhong),1個(ge)(ge)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(庫(ku))呈(cheng)重(zhong)度(du)富(fu)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)化狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態,占(zhan)(zhan)1.1%;2個(ge)(ge)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(庫(ku))呈(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)度(du)富(fu)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)化狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態,占(zhan)(zhan)2.1%;14個(ge)(ge)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(庫(ku))呈(cheng)輕(qing)度(du)富(fu)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態,占(zhan)(zhan)14.7%;其余湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(庫(ku))未呈(cheng)現富(fu)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang)化。其中(zhong)(zhong),太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)為(wei)(wei)輕(qing)度(du)污(wu)染(ran)、輕(qing)度(du)富(fu)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang),主(zhu)要污(wu)染(ran)指標為(wei)(wei)總(zong)磷(lin);巢湖(hu)(hu)(hu)水(shui)質(zhi)良好(hao)、中(zhong)(zhong)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang);滇池為(wei)(wei)輕(qing)度(du)污(wu)染(ran)、輕(qing)度(du)富(fu)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang),主(zhu)要污(wu)染(ran)指標為(wei)(wei)總(zong)磷(lin)和(he)化學(xue)需氧量。洱海(hai)水(shui)質(zhi)為(wei)(wei)優(you)、中(zhong)(zhong)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang);丹江口水(shui)庫(ku)水(shui)質(zhi)為(wei)(wei)優(you)、中(zhong)(zhong)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang);白洋淀為(wei)(wei)輕(qing)度(du)污(wu)染(ran)、輕(qing)度(du)富(fu)營(ying)(ying)養(yang)(yang),主(zhu)要污(wu)染(ran)指標為(wei)(wei)總(zong)磷(lin)。 1-3月,監測的98個(ge)(ge)重(zhong)點湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(庫(ku))中,Ⅰ-Ⅲ類水(shui)質湖(hu)(hu)(hu)庫(ku)個(ge)(ge)數占(zhan)(zhan)比為(wei)(wei)72.4%,同比上(shang)升7.3個(ge)(ge)百分點;劣Ⅴ類水(shui)質湖(hu)(hu)(hu)庫(ku)個(ge)(ge)數占(zhan)(zhan)比為(wei)(wei)3.1%,同比下降5.4個(ge)(ge)百分點。影(ying)響湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(庫(ku))水(shui)質的主(zhu)要(yao)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)指(zhi)標為(wei)(wei)總磷、化學需氧(yang)量(liang)和(he)pH。監測富(fu)(fu)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)化狀(zhuang)況的96個(ge)(ge)重(zhong)點湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(庫(ku))中,2個(ge)(ge)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(庫(ku))呈中度(du)(du)(du)富(fu)(fu)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)化狀(zhuang)態,占(zhan)(zhan)2.1%;18個(ge)(ge)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(庫(ku))呈輕(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)度(du)(du)(du)富(fu)(fu)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)狀(zhuang)態,占(zhan)(zhan)18.8%;其(qi)(qi)余湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(庫(ku))未呈現(xian)富(fu)(fu)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang)化。其(qi)(qi)中,太(tai)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)為(wei)(wei)輕(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)度(du)(du)(du)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)、輕(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)度(du)(du)(du)富(fu)(fu)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang),主(zhu)要(yao)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)指(zhi)標為(wei)(wei)總磷;巢湖(hu)(hu)(hu)為(wei)(wei)輕(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)度(du)(du)(du)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)、輕(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)度(du)(du)(du)富(fu)(fu)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang),主(zhu)要(yao)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)指(zhi)標為(wei)(wei)總磷;滇池為(wei)(wei)輕(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)度(du)(du)(du)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)、輕(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)度(du)(du)(du)富(fu)(fu)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang),主(zhu)要(yao)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)指(zhi)標為(wei)(wei)化學需氧(yang)量(liang)和(he)總磷。洱(er)海水(shui)質良好、中營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang);丹(dan)江(jiang)口水(shui)庫(ku)水(shui)質為(wei)(wei)優、中營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang);白洋淀為(wei)(wei)輕(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)度(du)(du)(du)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)、輕(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)度(du)(du)(du)富(fu)(fu)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)養(yang),主(zhu)要(yao)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)指(zhi)標為(wei)(wei)總磷。 呂梁、營(ying)口、朔州(zhou)等(deng)30個城市斷面水環(huan)境質量變(bian)化情況(kuang)相對較(jiao)差 參加排名(ming)的全(quan)國(guo)地(di)級及(ji)以上城(cheng)市(shi)(shi),覆蓋2050個(ge)(ge)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)地(di)表水(shui)(shui)考(kao)核(he)斷(duan)(duan)面(mian)(其中,1940個(ge)(ge)為(wei)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)地(di)表水(shui)(shui)評價斷(duan)(duan)面(mian),110個(ge)(ge)為(wei)入海控制斷(duan)(duan)面(mian))。2019年(nian)1-3月,全(quan)國(guo)地(di)級及(ji)以上城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)中,雅安、來賓、云浮等(deng)30個(ge)(ge)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)地(di)表水(shui)(shui)考(kao)核(he)斷(duan)(duan)面(mian)水(shui)(shui)環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較好(從(cong)第1名(ming)到(dao)(dao)第30名(ming)),呂梁(liang)、營口、邢臺等(deng)30個(ge)(ge)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)地(di)表水(shui)(shui)考(kao)核(he)斷(duan)(duan)面(mian)水(shui)(shui)環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較差(從(cong)倒數(shu)(shu)第1名(ming)到(dao)(dao)倒數(shu)(shu)第30名(ming));四平、長(chang)春、中山等(deng)30個(ge)(ge)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)地(di)表水(shui)(shui)考(kao)核(he)斷(duan)(duan)面(mian)水(shui)(shui)環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量變化情況相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較好(從(cong)第1名(ming)到(dao)(dao)第30名(ming)),呂梁(liang)、營口、朔州等(deng)30個(ge)(ge)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)地(di)表水(shui)(shui)考(kao)核(he)斷(duan)(duan)面(mian)水(shui)(shui)環(huan)境(jing)質(zhi)(zhi)量變化情況相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)對較差(從(cong)倒數(shu)(shu)第1名(ming)到(dao)(dao)倒數(shu)(shu)第30名(ming))。 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