【版權聲明(ming)】:我(wo)們尊重(zhong)原創(chuang),也注重(zhong)分(fen)享(xiang)。有部(bu)分(fen)內(nei)容(rong)來自(zi)互聯(lian)網(wang),版權歸原作者所(suo)有,僅(jin)供(gong)學習參考之用(yong)(yong),禁止用(yong)(yong)于商業(ye)用(yong)(yong)途,本(ben)平臺對(dui)轉載、分(fen)享(xiang)的內(nei)容(rong)、陳述(shu)、觀點(dian)判斷(duan)保持中立,不對(dui)所(suo)包含內(nei)容(rong)的準確性、可靠性或完善性提供(gong)任何明(ming)示或暗示的保證,僅(jin)供(gong)讀者參考,如無意中侵犯了哪(na)個(ge)(ge)媒體、公(gong)司 、企業(ye)或個(ge)(ge)人等的知識(shi)產權,請聯(lian)系刪(shan)除。謝謝!
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污水對我們產生哪些危害污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui),通常(chang)指(zhi)受一定污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染的、來(lai)自生(sheng)活和(he)生(sheng)產的排(pai)出水(shui)(shui)(shui)。污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)主要有(you)生(sheng)活污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)、工業廢水(shui)(shui)(shui)和(he)初期雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)。污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的主要污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染物(wu)有(you)病原體污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染物(wu)、耗(hao)氧污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染物(wu)、植(zhi)物(wu)營(ying)養物(wu)和(he)有(you)毒污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染物(wu)等。 ● 致(zhi)癌作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。某(mou)些有致(zhi)癌作用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)化學物(wu)質如(ru)砷、鉻、鎳、鈹、苯胺、苯并(a)芘和其他(ta)多(duo)環芳烴、鹵代烴污(wu)染水(shui)體后,可被懸(xuan)浮(fu)物(wu)、底(di)泥(ni)吸附,也可在(zai)水(shui)生生物(wu)體內積累,長期飲用(yong)(yong)(yong)含有這(zhe)(zhe)類(lei)物(wu)質的(de)水(shui),或食用(yong)(yong)(yong)體內蓄積有這(zhe)(zhe)類(lei)物(wu)質的(de)生物(wu)(如(ru)魚類(lei))就可能誘發(fa)癌癥(zheng)。 ● 發(fa)(fa)生以(yi)水為媒介的傳染病。人畜糞便等生物污(wu)(wu)染物污(wu)(wu)染水體(ti),可能引起(qi)細菌性腸道傳染病如(ru)傷(shang)寒、痢疾、腸炎、霍亂等;腸道內(nei)常見病毒(du)(du)(du)如(ru)脊髓灰質類(lei)病毒(du)(du)(du)、柯薩奇(qi)病毒(du)(du)(du)、傳染性肝炎病毒(du)(du)(du)等,皆可通過(guo)水體(ti)污(wu)(wu)染引起(qi)相應的傳染病。1989年(nian)上海(hai)的"甲肝事(shi)件",就是(shi)(shi)由水體(ti)污(wu)(wu)染引起(qi)的。在(zai)發(fa)(fa)展中國家,每年(nian)約有(you)6000萬人死于(yu)腹瀉,其中大部分是(shi)(shi)兒童。 ● 間接影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)。水(shui)(shui)體污染后(hou),常可引起水(shui)(shui)的感官性狀惡化,如某些污染物(wu)在一(yi)定濃度下,對人的健康(kang)雖無直(zhi)接危害(hai),但可使(shi)水(shui)(shui)發生(sheng)(sheng)異臭、異色,呈現泡沫和油膜等(deng),妨(fang)礙水(shui)(shui)體的正常利用。銅(tong)、鋅、鎳等(deng)物(wu)質(zhi)在一(yi)定濃度下能(neng)抑(yi)制(zhi)微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的生(sheng)(sheng)長和繁(fan)殖,從(cong)而(er)影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)水(shui)(shui)中有機物(wu)的分解(jie)和生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)氧(yang)化,使(shi)水(shui)(shui)體自凈能(neng)力(li)下降,影(ying)(ying)響(xiang)水(shui)(shui)體的衛生(sheng)(sheng)狀況(kuang)。 水體污染既可嚴重危害生態系統,還可造成嚴重的經(jing)濟(ji)損(sun)失。 |