集中(zhong)(zhong)式污(wu)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)廠大(da)多采用(yong)(yong)較(jiao)(jiao)為成熟(shu)的(de)傳統工(gong)藝，如活性(xing)污(wu)泥法、A/O法和A2/O法等。當然(ran)也有(you)比較(jiao)(jiao)先進(jin)的(de)MBR膜工(gong)藝。這種處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)模式適(shi)合人(ren)群比較(jiao)(jiao)集中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)鎮級(ji)以(yi)上項目(mu)。其(qi)優點是優點工(gong)藝成熟(shu)，處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)效果良好(hao)；污(wu)水(shui)集中(zhong)(zhong)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)具(ju)有(you)規(gui)模效應，便(bian)于(yu)管理(li)(li)；進(jin)水(shui)水(shui)量(liang)和水(shui)質相對穩定。當然(ran)集中(zhong)(zhong)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)也有(you)其(qi)劣勢(shi)，主要表現在(zai)管網建設規(gui)模大(da)，一次性(xing)投(tou)入高占(zhan)地面(mian)積(ji)較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)；投(tou)資大(da)，管網建設耗(hao)資較(jiao)(jiao)大(da)，大(da)部分(fen)污(wu)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)廠需建中(zhong)(zhong)間提(ti)升泵站；中(zhong)(zhong)水(shui)回用(yong)(yong)存在(zai)局限性(xing)；污(wu)水(shui)輸送距(ju)離長，安全風險高，尾水(shui)排放(fang)對水(shui)體環境容量(liang)要求高。

分散式(shi)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)系統是在(zai)相對(dui)較(jiao)小的(de)區(qu)域范(fan)圍內建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)中(zhong)小型污(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)站，一般(ban)以自然(ran)村為(wei)單位(wei)，站區(qu)規(gui)模(mo)大多在(zai)10-200噸內，一般(ban)不(bu)需(xu)要長距離輸送和多級提(ti)升。優點(dian)是建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)方式(shi)靈活，建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)周(zhou)期短(duan)，施(shi)工(gong)難度低；投(tou)資省，減少(shao)管網建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)費用(yong)(yong)；有利(li)(li)于中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)回用(yong)(yong)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)水(shui)(shui)資源利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)率。缺點(dian)是站點(dian)數量多，總的(de)運(yun)行(xing)成本偏(pian)高(gao)(gao)；總投(tou)資較(jiao)大，占地面積較(jiao)大，難以形成規(gui)模(mo)效益；對(dui)周(zhou)圍環(huan)境影響(xiang)大，影響(xiang)區(qu)域的(de)開(kai)發建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)；污(wu)泥處(chu)(chu)理(li)處(chu)(chu)置困難；水(shui)(shui)質、水(shui)(shui)量變化較(jiao)大，對(dui)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)處(chu)(chu)理(li)設(she)(she)備運(yun)行(xing)不(bu)利(li)(li)。