廢(fei)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是廢(fei)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)系統中(zhong)最(zui)(zui)重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)之一(yi)，簡稱(cheng)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是利用微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命活動過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)將(jiang)廢(fei)水(shui)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)可溶(rong)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)及(ji)部分不溶(rong)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)效地去除，使水(shui)得到凈化(hua)(hua)(hua)。事(shi)實上，我們(men)對(dui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)并不是很陌生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)，天然的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)體(ti)中(zhong)存在(zai)著(zhu)一(yi)條食物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)鏈(lian)，即(ji)大魚(yu)吃(chi)(chi)小魚(yu)，小魚(yu)吃(chi)(chi)蝦(xia)米(mi)，蝦(xia)米(mi)吃(chi)(chi)小蟲，小蟲吃(chi)(chi)微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)吃(chi)(chi)污水(shui)，如(ru)(ru)果(guo)沒有(you)這(zhe)條食物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)鏈(lian)，自然界就(jiu)要亂套了(le)。在(zai)天然的(de)(de)(de)河(he)流中(zhong)，有(you)著(zhu)大量的(de)(de)(de)、依靠(kao)有(you)機(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)，它們(men)日日夜夜地將(jiang)人們(men)排入河(he)流中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)（如(ru)(ru)工(gong)業廢(fei)水(shui)、農藥化(hua)(hua)(hua)肥、糞便等(deng)等(deng)有(you)機(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質）氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)或還原，最(zui)(zui)終轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)為無機(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質，如(ru)(ru)果(guo)沒有(you)微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)，我們(men)周圍的(de)(de)(de)河(he)流，少(shao)則幾個月，多則一(yi)、二年，就(jiu)會成為臭河(he)了(le)，只是由于微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)太(tai)微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)小太(tai)分散，以(yi)致人們(men)的(de)(de)(de)肉(rou)眼看不見(jian)罷(ba)了(le)。而廢(fei)水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)程(cheng)則是在(zai)人工(gong)條件下對(dui)這(zhe)一(yi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)。人們(men)將(jiang)無以(yi)計數的(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)全部集中(zhong)在(zai)一(yi)個池(chi)子(zi)內(nei)，創造一(yi)個非常適(shi)合微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)繁殖、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)環境（如(ru)(ru)溫度、pH值、氧氣(qi)、氮磷等(deng)營養物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質），使微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)大量增殖，以(yi)提高其(qi)分解(jie)(jie)有(you)機(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)速度和效率。然后再往池(chi)內(nei)泵入廢(fei)水(shui)，使廢(fei)水(shui)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質在(zai)微(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命活動過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)得到氧化(hua)(hua)(hua)降解(jie)(jie)，使廢(fei)水(shui)得到凈化(hua)(hua)(hua)和處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)。與其(qi)他(ta)處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)方(fang)法相比，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)化(hua)(hua)(hua)法具有(you)能耗(hao)低(di)、不加藥、處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)效果(guo)好、處(chu)理(li)(li)(li)(li)費用低(di)等(deng)特點。

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