近年來，安徽省宿松縣多舉措推進(jin)農村生(sheng)活污水治理，積極扮靚鄉村生(sheng)態底(di)色，著力打造生(sheng)態宜居的新農村。

組(zu)織保障，補齊(qi)農村(cun)污水(shui)(shui)監(jian)管(guan)短(duan)板。“十四(si)五”以來，宿(su)松(song)縣(xian)以農村(cun)生(sheng)活(huo)污水(shui)(shui)治理(li)為重(zhong)點(dian)，納(na)入農村(cun)人居環境整治、鄉(xiang)村(cun)生(sheng)態(tai)振興、美麗鄉(xiang)村(cun)建(jian)設等重(zhong)點(dian)工(gong)作一體推進，明確任(ren)務要求、完成時限，統一部(bu)署、統一調度。各(ge)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)政府建(jian)立農村(cun)生(sheng)活(huo)污水(shui)(shui)和(he)黑(hei)臭水(shui)(shui)體治理(li)運行維護管(guan)理(li)機制，縣(xian)治水(shui)(shui)辦、縣(xian)生(sheng)態(tai)環境分局、縣(xian)農業農村(cun)局、縣(xian)住建(jian)局、縣(xian)水(shui)(shui)利局等部(bu)門明確監(jian)管(guan)責任(ren)，同(tong)時加強與河長制、湖長制聯動(dong)，補齊(qi)鄉(xiang)鎮(zhen)、村(cun)兩級(ji)農村(cun)污水(shui)(shui)監(jian)管(guan)薄弱環節。

有(you)效(xiao)銜接，推動(dong)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)改廁一體建(jian)(jian)設(she)。宿松(song)縣結(jie)合美麗(li)鄉(xiang)村建(jian)(jian)設(she)，布局農(nong)(nong)村污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)治(zhi)理(li)，實(shi)行(xing)分戶改造、集中處(chu)(chu)理(li)與(yu)單(dan)戶分散處(chu)(chu)理(li)相結(jie)合，鼓勵聯戶、聯村、村鎮一體治(zhi)理(li)，農(nong)(nong)村改廁與(yu)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)治(zhi)理(li)一體規劃、一體建(jian)(jian)設(she)、一體處(chu)(chu)理(li)。同時(shi)(shi)積(ji)極推進現(xian)有(you)設(she)施聯合運行(xing)，有(you)效(xiao)提高(gao)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)集率，在滿足重力自流條件下，已(yi)建(jian)(jian)成的(de)農(nong)(nong)村污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)設(she)施積(ji)極收(shou)納周邊化糞(fen)池出水(shui)(shui)(shui)，有(you)效(xiao)減(jian)輕清(qing)掏負擔，減(jian)少污(wu)染排放。已(yi)建(jian)(jian)成化糞(fen)池但污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)設(she)施暫未配套的(de)地(di)區，積(ji)極利用初步沉淀、過濾(lv)凈化的(de)生(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)沖廁，在減(jian)少生(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)外(wai)排的(de)同時(shi)(shi)，有(you)效(xiao)提高(gao)水(shui)(shui)(shui)沖廁所使用率。

建管并重，確保污(wu)水設施(shi)(shi)有效運(yun)行(xing)(xing)。“十四五”期(qi)間(jian)，累計投入農村(cun)污(wu)水治(zhi)理(li)約(yue)(yue)2696萬元支(zhi)持約(yue)(yue)55個行(xing)(xing)政村(cun)污(wu)水處(chu)理(li)設施(shi)(shi)建設。同時突出管控重要(yao)性(xing)，防(fang)止污(wu)水橫流(liu)、糞污(wu)隨(sui)意(yi)丟棄等(deng)違法行(xing)(xing)為，充(chong)分發揮已建成設施(shi)(shi)的防(fang)污(wu)、治(zhi)污(wu)效果(guo)，出臺《宿(su)松縣美麗鄉村(cun)長效管護實施(shi)(shi)意(yi)見》，明確污(wu)水處(chu)理(li)設施(shi)(shi)運(yun)維管理(li)要(yao)求，建立“污(wu)泥、糞污(wu)清掏一體(ti)制度(du)”，將農村(cun)污(wu)水寫(xie)入村(cun)規(gui)民約(yue)(yue)，積極引導(dao)和約(yue)(yue)束村(cun)民正確使用改廁及污(wu)水處(chu)理(li)設施(shi)(shi)，有效減少農村(cun)生活污(wu)水排放，改善村(cun)容村(cun)貌(mao)。

黑(hei)灰(hui)(hui)分(fen)(fen)離，鼓(gu)(gu)勵農(nong)村污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)利用。黑(hei)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)是傳統的便器排水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，具有(you)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量少、COD及(ji)(ji)BOD等(deng)指標高、含病菌(jun)等(deng)特(te)點，灰(hui)(hui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)包括廚(chu)房(fang)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)洗滌污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、洗浴(yu)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)等(deng)，占生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的80%—85%，灰(hui)(hui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)中通常(chang)含油脂、肥皂殘余(yu)物等(deng)可生(sheng)(sheng)物降解(jie)的物質。根(gen)據水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質特(te)點，在近年農(nong)村生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)設施的建設中，將污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)源(yuan)分(fen)(fen)離、分(fen)(fen)質處(chu)理(li)及(ji)(ji)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)化理(li)念(nian)(nian)貫徹到污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收集、處(chu)理(li)和管護過程中，從源(yuan)頭(tou)進行黑(hei)灰(hui)(hui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)(fen)離，鼓(gu)(gu)勵灰(hui)(hui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)回(hui)收利用，這不僅符合農(nong)村老人(ren)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)理(li)念(nian)(nian)，也(ye)減少農(nong)村污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)設施建設投資(zi)(zi)。

（中國(guo)環境(jing) 中國(guo)污水處理(li)工程(cheng)網）